Walking : Connecting Sustainable Transport with Health.

This book features a multidisciplinary focus on walking as a mode in the context of transportation, urban planning and health. Breaking down the silos, this book presents a multidisciplinary focus bringing together research from transport, public health and planning to show linkages and the variatio...

पूर्ण विवरण

में बचाया:
ग्रंथसूची विवरण
Author / Creator: Mulley, Corinne.
Other Authors / Creators:Gebel, Klaus.
Ding, Ding.
Ding, Ding.
स्वरूप: ई-पुस्तक इलेक्ट्रोनिक
भाषा:English
Imprint: Bingley : Emerald Publishing Limited, 2017.
श्रृंखला:Transport and Sustainability Ser.
विषय:
Local Note:Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2022. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
ऑनलाइन पहुंच:Click to View
विषय - सूची:
  • Front Cover
  • Walking: Connecting Sustainable Transport with Health
  • Copyright page
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • List of Contributors
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • References
  • Section 1: Walking: Its Prevalence, Its Benefits and Its Variety
  • Chapter 2 Measurement of Walking
  • Preamble
  • A Taxonomy of Walking
  • Walking Assessment Methods, Issues in Operationalisation of Walking Measures and Measurement Properties
  • Indirect Objective Methods for Assessing Walking Behaviour
  • Direct Subjective Methods of Walking Assessment
  • Diaries for Walking Assessment - The Use of Transportation and Time Use Diaries to Assess Walking Behaviour
  • Observational Methods
  • Combined Methods to Strengthen Walking Measurement
  • Issues Related to Walking Measurement in Free-Living Conditions
  • Emerging Research Areas in Physical Activity and Walking Measurement
  • Conclusion: Unified Measures for Health Research, Surveillance and Interventions
  • References
  • Chapter 3 Understanding the Determinants of Walking as the Basis for Social Marketing Public Health Messaging
  • Introduction
  • Literature Context
  • The Case Study of Sydney, NSW, Australia
  • How Much Do Sydneysiders Walk per Day?
  • Modelling Walking Time
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 4 The Health Benefits of Walking
  • Introduction
  • What Is Walking?
  • The History of Research Related to the Health Benefits of Walking
  • Physical Health Benefits of Walking
  • Body Composition
  • Cardiovascular Fitness
  • Blood Pressure
  • Vascular Function
  • Blood Lipids
  • Haemostatic, Inflammatory and Immune Function Markers
  • Glucose Metabolism
  • Musculoskeletal
  • Mental Health Benefits of Walking
  • Could Walking Be a Treatment for Depression and Other Mental Health Problems?
  • Avoidance of Mortality and Morbidity
  • All-cause Mortality and Walking
  • Walking and Specific Diseases.
  • What About the Risks of Walking?
  • Future Research Directions
  • Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
  • Chapter 5 Economic Value of Walking
  • Introduction
  • Current Practices
  • Walkability Economic Impacts
  • Defining and Measuring Economic Impacts
  • Impacts from Improved Walkability
  • Improved Pedestrian Convenience, Safety, and Comfort
  • Basic Mobility
  • Property Value and Business Activity
  • Facility Costs
  • Benefits Arising from Increased Walking Activity
  • User Enjoyment
  • Improved Public Fitness and Health
  • Community Cohesion and Increased Security
  • Benefits Created by Automobile Travel Reductions
  • Reduced Traffic and Parking Congestion
  • Road and Parking Facility Cost Savings
  • Consumer Savings and Affordability
  • Reduced Chauffeuring Burdens
  • Reduced Crash Risk
  • Energy Conservation
  • Pollution Reductions
  • Additional Travel Time
  • More Compact Communities
  • Openspace Preservation
  • Improved Accessibility
  • Efficient Public Infrastructure and Services
  • Economic Development
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 6 Walking to and from School
  • Prelude
  • Section I: Background of the Canadian STP Model
  • Section II: Modal Shift from Vehicular Transport to Active Travel
  • Section III: Anecdotal Feedback
  • Factors Facilitating STP Effectiveness
  • Factors Hindering STP Effectiveness
  • Section IV: The Costs and Benefits of the Canadian STP Model
  • Section V: Short Case Study of STP Implementation
  • Section VI: Our School Travel Planning Tools, Resources and Canadian Partners
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 7 Dog Walking
  • Introduction
  • Physical Activity among Dog Owners and Non-Owners
  • Dog Walking as a Mechanism for Improving Health
  • Factors Associated with Dog Walking
  • Relationship between the Built and Policy Environment and Dog Walking
  • Functionality
  • Aesthetics
  • Safety.
  • Destinations
  • Conclusions
  • Implications for Dog Walking Research
  • Implications for Dog Walking Practice and Policy
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
  • Section 2: Environments and Walking
  • Chapter 8 The Built Environment and Walking
  • Introduction
  • Built Environments and Walking
  • Connectivity to Built Environment, Land Use and Urban Form
  • Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Evidence for Built Environments and Walking
  • Transit/Public Transport Infrastructure
  • Parks and Green Space
  • Freiburg, Germany
  • Economic Benefits
  • Charleston
  • Walking and Policies
  • Countermeasures and Built Environment Interventions
  • Cambridge, England
  • Bogotá and Curitiba: Latin American Leaders in Urban Innovation
  • Funding and Implementation
  • Case Study: Walking Revitalized in New York City's West Side
  • Emerging Trends
  • Autonomous and Connected Vehicles: Promise or Peril?
  • Vision Zero, Accessibility and Equity
  • Regionalism, Privatisation, Zoning and Finance
  • Promoting Walking Behaviour
  • Conclusions
  • Note
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
  • Chapter 9 Public Transport Infrastructure and Walking: Gearing Towards the Multimodal City
  • Walking at the Core of the Multimodal City
  • Expanding the Reach of Walking at the Metropolitan Scale
  • Adding Value to the Travel Experience
  • The 'in-between-Mile' Approach
  • The 'Carrefour de Mobilité' in Grenoble: A Walkability Cluster in the Making
  • Habitability, the Next Disruptive Paradigm
  • The Benefits of Putting Walking First: Setting Walking as the 'Default' Mode in the City
  • References
  • Chapter 10 Planning Walking Environments for People with Disabilities and Older Adults
  • Background
  • Defining Disability
  • Redefining 'Walking'
  • A Growing Population
  • Environmental Modifications to Support Walking
  • Natural Environment and Human-Made Changes.
  • Services, Systems, and Policies
  • Attitudes and Support and Relationships
  • Additional Benefits of Environments that Support Walking
  • Planning Walkable Environments
  • Key Recommendations
  • Walkability Audits on Accessibility
  • U.S. Surgeon General's Call to Action to Promote Walking and Walkable Communities
  • Including People with Disabilities in the Planning Process
  • Planning for Maintenance
  • References
  • Chapter 11 Pedestrian Safety and Public Health
  • Introduction and Conceptual Framework
  • Risk Factors of Pedestrian Characteristics
  • Children and Young Pedestrians
  • Male Pedestrians and Gender Roles
  • Older Adult Pedestrians
  • Disabled Pedestrians
  • Socio-Economic Status
  • Intoxicated or Distracted Pedestrians
  • Walking Environments and Risk Factors in the Built Environment
  • Density, Regional Development and Urban Sprawl
  • Pedestrian Infrastructure and Roadway Design
  • Traffic Volumes, Traffic Speeds and Visibility
  • Indirect Impacts of Safe Walking Environments on Health
  • Cultural and Societal Shifts
  • Conclusions
  • Notes
  • References
  • Section 3: Public Policy for Walking
  • Chapter 12 Walking Policy Steps - The Policy Development Process for the First State Walking Target in New South Wales, Australia
  • Introduction
  • The Research Evidence - Policy Steps
  • Case Study
  • Problem Stream
  • Policy Stream
  • Politics Stream
  • Policy Window
  • Discussion and Lessons Learnt
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 13 Developing Sustainable Walking Interventions: Integrating Behavioural, Ecological and Systems Science to Promote Population Health
  • Introduction
  • Conceptual Model of Sustainable Walking Interventions
  • Individual-Level Interventions
  • Technology Applications
  • Adaptive Interventions
  • More Powerful Consequences to Sustain Walking
  • Community-Level Interventions
  • Social Environment.
  • Interventions Emphasising Exposure to New Social Networks
  • Interventions Emphasising Behaviour Change in Existing Social Networks
  • Built Environment
  • Interventions Emphasising Exposure to New Built Environments
  • Interventions Emphasising Changes to Existing Built Environments
  • Policy and Multi-Level Interventions
  • Effects of Walking-Related Policies
  • Civic Engagement and Policymaking
  • Selected Methodological Considerations
  • Measurement
  • Seasonality
  • Baseline Scores
  • Self-Selection and Measurement Reactivity
  • Conclusions and Future Directions
  • Note
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
  • Chapter 14 Promotion of Recreational Walking: Case Study of the Ciclovía-Recreativa of Bogotá
  • The Ciclovía-Recreativa of Bogotá
  • History of the Ciclovía-Recreativa Programme
  • The Ciclovía-Recreativa of Bogotá: Closed to Motor Vehicles and Open to Walkers
  • The Ciclovía-Recreativa of Bogotá: A Scalable Programme
  • Lessons Learned and Conclusions
  • References
  • Section 4: Case Studies
  • Chapter 15 Vancouver and the Walker: The Evolution of the Walkable City
  • Historical Beginnings
  • The 20th Century - Growing up and a Link to Identity
  • The Bartholomew Plan - Boulevards, Pleasure Drives and Transit
  • Three 20th Century Decisions that Made Vancouver Walkable
  • City of Vancouver City Hall - Innovation Incubator of Walkability
  • CityPlan and the 1997 Transportation Plan
  • The Urban Landscape Taskforce and the Development of Greenways
  • The Greenways Plan
  • Neighbourhood Greenways
  • Tupper Neighbourhood Greenway - Case Study
  • Innovation and Creative Walking Projects - Blooming Boulevards and Green Streets
  • The Blooming Boulevard Demonstration Project - Stepping to Walkability
  • Enhancing Walkability through Green Streets - Involving Volunteers in City Spaces
  • Walkability and Vancouver - The Future.
  • Synthesis of Walkability Approaches - Olympic Village.