Gorilla Biology : A Multidisciplinary Perspective.

Gorilla Biology : A Multidisciplinary Perspective.

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A unique multidisciplinary volume offering truly comparative perspective on gorilla populations.

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Bibliographic Details
Author / Creator: Taylor, Andrea B.
Other Authors / Creators:Goldsmith, Michele L.
Format: eBook Electronic
Language:English
Imprint: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Series:Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology
Subjects:
Gorilla.
Electronic books.
Local Note:Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2022. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Cover
  • Half-title
  • Series-title
  • Title
  • Copyright
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • Acknowledgments
  • Epigraph
  • Introduction: Gorilla biology: Multiple perspectives on variation within a genus
  • Part 1 Gorilla taxonomy and comparative morphology
  • 1 An introductory perspective: Gorillas - How important, how many, how long?
  • References
  • 2 A history of gorilla taxonomy
  • Prologue
  • The gorilla becomes known to science
  • Several species of gorillas? Nineteenth-century thoughts on the matter
  • Early studies on the gorilla's anatomy
  • Paul Matschie: Let a hundred species bloom
  • Pygmy gorillas?
  • Order out of chaos
  • Recent understanding of the anatomy of the gorilla: Normal and pathological
  • Epilogue
  • References
  • 3 Patterns of diversity in gorilla cranial morphology
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
  • Results
  • Analysis of raw measurements
  • Analysis of size-adjusted measurements (shape)
  • Discussion
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • 4 The hierarchy of intraspecific craniometric variation in gorillas: A population-thinking approach with implications…
  • Introduction
  • Gorillas in paleoanthropological fossil species recognition studies
  • Population thinking, intraspecific variation, and the hierarchy of morphological variation
  • Materials and methods
  • Gorilla systematics
  • Sampling strategy
  • Measurements
  • Principal components analysis
  • Graphics versus statistics
  • Results
  • Overall species level variation
  • Sexual dimorphism
  • Subspecific level variation
  • Demic level variation
  • Locality level variation
  • Discussion
  • Craniometric variation in gorillas
  • Sexual dimorphism
  • Intraspecific variation within sexes
  • Population thinking and species structure
  • Implications for interpreting fossil variation
  • Population thinking and fossil species variation.
  • Sampling strategy for constructing yardsticks
  • Strategy for using well-calibrated yardsticks
  • Concluding remarks
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • 5 Morphological differentiation of Gorilla subspecies
  • Introduction
  • Partitioning of Gorilla subspecific variation
  • Morphology
  • Molecular variation
  • Ecology and social behavior
  • Concordance
  • Gorillas and subspecies
  • Materials and methods
  • Data
  • Craniometrics
  • Discrete traits
  • F and morphological variation
  • F estimation
  • Population size, morphometric size adjustment, and heritability
  • Discrete trait analyses
  • Results
  • Craniometric analyses
  • F estimation
  • Discrete trait analyses
  • Discussion
  • Degree of variation in Gorilla
  • Taxonomic implications
  • Comparisons to other species
  • Concordance and variation
  • Evolutionary history
  • Conservation issues
  • Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • 6 Ontogeny and function of the masticatory complex in Gorilla: Functional, evolutionary, and taxonomic implications
  • Introduction
  • Cranial, dental, and mandibular variation
  • Morphological correlates of folivory/herbivory
  • Morphological predictions in gorilla subspecies
  • Gorillas as a comparative model
  • Materials and methods
  • Samples
  • Measurements
  • Methodological approach
  • Statistical approach
  • Results
  • Discussion
  • Do gorilla subspecies differ in craniomandibular size?
  • Ontogeny and allometry of jaw form in gorillas
  • Adaptive differences in masticatory form
  • Discrepancies between theoretical predictions and morphology
  • Summary of morphological findings
  • Evolutionary implications
  • Gorilla taxonomy
  • Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • 7 Intraspecific and ontogenetic variation in the forelimb morphology of Gorilla
  • Introduction
  • Subspecies of Gorilla
  • Taxonomic issues.
  • Variation in positional and locomotor behavior in Gorilla
  • Morphological variation in Gorilla
  • Allometric variation in Gorilla
  • Scapula
  • Hands and feet
  • Other postcranial comparisons
  • Allometry and ontogeny
  • Ontogenetic approaches to form-function relationships
  • Ontogenetic "criterion-of-subtraction"
  • Materials and methods
  • Samples and measurements
  • Shoulder
  • Elbow
  • Wrist
  • Statistical methods of analysis
  • Multivariate regression analyses
  • Bivariate regression analyses
  • Results
  • Shoulder
  • Elbow
  • Wrist
  • Summary of results
  • Discussion
  • Arboreality versus terrestriality: the relationship between form and function
  • Evolution of knuckle-walking in the African apes
  • Taxonomic status of Gorilla
  • Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Part 2 Molecular genetics
  • 8 An introductory perspective: Gorilla systematics, taxonomy, and conservation in the era of genomics
  • References
  • 9 Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA estimates of divergence between western and eastern gorillas
  • Introduction
  • Gorilla distribution and taxonomy
  • Previous genetic results
  • Goals of the study
  • Materials and methods
  • Individuals examined
  • Loci examined
  • Laboratory methods
  • Data analyses
  • Results
  • MtDNA
  • Nuclear DNA
  • Discussion
  • Sequencing results
  • Explaining the difference between Pan and Gorilla
  • Implications for Gorilla taxonomy and biogeography
  • Implications for other species
  • Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • 10 Genetic studies of western gorillas
  • Introduction
  • Classification
  • Origins of divergence
  • Conservation genetics
  • Methods
  • Noninvasive sampling strategies
  • Hair
  • Feces
  • Genetic analysis
  • Mitochondrial DNA
  • Nuclear DNA
  • Genetic studies of lowland gorillas throughout central Africa
  • Mitochondrial DNA analysis
  • Microsatellite DNA analysis.
  • Gorilla phylogeography
  • Nigeria
  • Central African Republic
  • Central grouping
  • Conservation implications
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Part 3 Behavioral ecology
  • 11 An introductory perspective: Behavioral ecology of gorillas
  • References
  • 12 Gorilla social relationships: A comparative overview
  • Introduction
  • Gorilla ecology
  • The ecological model of primate female relationships
  • Mountain gorilla females and the ecological model
  • Male infiuence on female grouping
  • Social relationships between males and females
  • Male influences on relationships between females
  • Male-male relationships and male life histories
  • An analysis of long-term consistency and change in male-female relationships: A case study
  • Discussion
  • Comparisons with other gorilla subspecies
  • Social structure, social relationships, and life histories
  • Possible differences from mountain gorillas
  • Gorillas and other mammals
  • Other primates
  • Group-living equids
  • Summary and conclusions
  • References
  • 13 Within-group feeding competition and socioecological factors infiuencing social organization of gorillas…
  • Introduction
  • Study site and methods
  • Ecology of the Kahuzi and Itebero sites
  • Ape habituation and density estimates
  • Ape habitat use and diet
  • Results
  • Phenology of fruits and diet of gorillas
  • Group size and fruit abundance
  • Day range
  • Intergroup relationships
  • Relationships with sympatric chimpanzees
  • Discussion
  • Group size and frugivory in gorillas
  • Within-group competition and foraging strategy of gorillas
  • Sympatry with chimpanzees
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • 14 Comparative behavioral ecology of a lowland and highland gorilla population: Where do Bwindi gorillas fit?
  • Introduction
  • Highland versus lowland gorillas.
  • Predicting comparative behavioral ecology of lowland and mountain gorillas: The bonobo/chimpanzee analogy
  • Methods
  • Study sites and subjects
  • Data collection
  • Results of between-subspecies comparisons
  • Vegetation diversity/density and diet
  • Foraging effort
  • Group size and composition
  • Group cohesion
  • The formation of temporary subgroups
  • Results of within-population comparisons
  • Discussion
  • Bwindi gorillas
  • Lowland/highland gorillas and the bonobo and chimpanzee analogy: Where do Bwindi gorillas fit?
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • 15 Are gorillas vacuum cleaners of the forest floor? The roles of body size, habitat, and food preferences on dietary…
  • Introduction
  • Methods
  • Field research at Bai Hokou, Central African Republic
  • Captive research at the San Francisco Zoological Gardens
  • Results
  • Food availability and gorilla diet at Bai Hokou
  • Nutritional analyses of foliage and fruits: Consequences of dietary flexibility
  • Comparison of nutritional composition of gorilla diet across sites
  • Captive research on food preferences and taste sensitivity
  • Discussion
  • Gorillas as seasonal frugivores
  • Are gorillas vacuum cleaners of the forest floor?
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Part 4 Gorilla conservation
  • 16 An introductory perspective: Gorilla conservation
  • References
  • 17 The current status of gorillas and threats to their existence at the beginning of a new millennium
  • The status of gorilla populations
  • Threats to gorilla populations
  • Habitat loss or modification
  • Hunting or poaching
  • Disease transmission
  • War and political unrest
  • Conserving gorilla populations
  • Protected areas
  • Working with logging companies
  • Conservation in areas of confiict
  • Conclusions
  • References.
  • 18 Distribution, taxonomy, genetics, ecology, and causal links of gorilla survival: The need to develop practical knowledge….

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