Costa Rica Five Years after CAFTA-DR : Assessing Early Results.

For Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic†"Central America free trade agreement (CAFTA-DR) has been more than a trade agreement. Costa Rica has used trade liberalization and promotion of international trade as a core development strategy for decades. CAFTA-DR consolidated benefits that had previou...

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Bibliographic Details
Author / Creator: Koehler-Geib, Friederike.
Other Authors / Creators:Sanchez, Susana M.
Format: eBook Electronic
Language:English
Edition:1st ed.
Imprint: Washington : World Bank Publications, 2015.
Series:Directions in Development - Trade
Subjects:
Local Note:Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2022. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
Online Access:Click to View
Table of Contents:
  • Front Cover
  • Contents
  • Foreword
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contributors
  • Abbreviations
  • Overview
  • Trade and FDI Patterns
  • The High-Tech Sector: FDI and Export Performance
  • Insurance: The End of a Monopoly and a New Beginning for a Market
  • Telecommunications and the End of Another Monopoly
  • Intellectual Property Rights in CAFTA-DR and the Link to Pharmaceuticals in Costa Rica
  • Chapter 1 The Context of CAFTA-DR in Costa Rica
  • Introduction
  • CAFTA-DR in Historical Context
  • Economic Arguments for and against CAFTA-DR at the Time of Ratification
  • Legal and Regulatory Changes with CAFTA-DR
  • Trade and FDI Patterns with CAFTA-DR
  • Notes
  • References
  • Chapter 2 CAFTA-DR and the High-Tech Sector: FDI and Export Performance
  • Introduction
  • The Impacts of FTAs on FDI and Exports in Costa Rica's High-Tech Sector
  • CAFTA-DR and FDI in the High-Tech Sector: Evidence from Secondary Data
  • CAFTA-DR and Exports in the High-Tech Sector: Evidence from Secondary Data
  • CAFTA-DR, FDI, and MNC Performance in the High-Tech Sector: Findings from Online Surveys
  • CAFTA-DR, FDI, and Exports in the High-Tech Sector: Findings from Structured Interviews
  • Notes
  • References
  • Chapter 3 Insurance: The End of a Monopoly, and a New Beginning for a Market
  • Introduction and Summary
  • Legislative Change
  • Market Dynamics
  • Comparison with CAFTA-DR and Latin American Countries
  • Interpreting Recent Developments
  • Outlook
  • Notes
  • Chapter 4 Telecommunications and the End of Another Monopoly
  • Introduction and Summary
  • Legal and Regulatory Developments
  • The Entry of Private Mobile Service Providers
  • Liberalization Drives Improvements in Access to Telecommunications Services
  • Fixed-Line Telephone Services
  • Fixed Internet
  • Mobile Broadband Services.
  • Household Access to Telecommunications Services, Prices, and Quality of Services
  • Fixed Internet Services
  • Mobile Services
  • Mobile Broadband
  • Penetration in Rural Areas versus Urban Areas: FONATEL
  • The Contribution of the Telecommunications Sector to the Costa Rican Economy
  • Notes
  • References
  • Chapter 5 Intellectual Property Rights in CAFTA-DR and Pharmaceuticals in Costa Rica
  • Introduction
  • Intellectual Property Regulations for Pharmaceuticals in International Trade Treaties
  • Data Protection, New Chemical Entities, and Patent Linkages after CAFTA-DR
  • How Have CAFTA-DR's IP Rules Affected the CCSS?
  • Notes
  • References
  • Appendix A Legal Changes under CAFTA-DR
  • Note
  • Appendix B Costa Rica's Trade Partners
  • Appendix C Gravity Model
  • Introduction and Literature
  • Data
  • Model
  • Methodology and Results
  • Notes
  • References
  • Boxes
  • Box 2.1 Survey of Multinational Companies in High-Tech Sectors
  • Box 3.1 Comparing the Czech Republic, Poland, and Uruguay
  • Figures
  • Figure 1.1 Costa Rican Exports (FOB) to the United States, 2002-12
  • Figure 1.2 U.S. Imports (CIF) from CAFTA-DR Countries, 1980-2012
  • Figure 1.3 Costa Rican Quarterly Exports to the United States, 1997-2012
  • Figure 1.4 Costa Rican Quarterly Imports from the United States, 1997-2012
  • Figure 1.5 Composition of Total Exports of Costa Rican Goods (FOB), 1997-2013
  • Figure 1.6 Costa Rican Export Concentration Index of Agricultural Goods Relative to World Average, 1994-2011
  • Figure 1.7 FDI Inflows to Costa Rica by Country of Origin, 1997-2012
  • Figure 1.8 FDI Inflows to Costa Rica by Sector, 2004 versus 2012
  • Figure 2.1 Net FDI Inflows, 2000-11
  • Figure 2.2 FDI Inflows by Country of Origin
  • Figure 2.3 Number of MNCs in High-Tech Sectors
  • Figure 2.4 Average FDI Inflows in High-Tech Sector.
  • Figure 2.5 Costa Rica's Exports and Imports of Goods and Services, 1990-2011
  • Figure 2.6 Exports of Costa Rica's FTZs, 2002-12
  • Figure 2.7 Exports of High-Tech and Low-Tech Sectors of Costa Rica, 2004-12
  • Figure 2.8 Exports of Costa Rica to the United States by Sector, 2002-12
  • Figure 2.9 High-Tech Sector Exports in Costa Rica, 2000-11
  • Figure 2.10 Number of Surveyed Firms by Product Line of First Investment
  • Figure 2.11 Top Three Reasons for Last Investment in Costa Rica by Product Line of Last Investment
  • Figure 3.1 Explaining Non-Life Insurance Penetration Trends
  • Figure 3.2 Insurance Penetration Following Liberalization
  • Figure 3.3 Pace and Direction of Liberalization on Market Shares: Costa Rica Follows a Well-Worn Path
  • Figure 4.1 Sector Structure before and after CAFTA-DR
  • Figure 4.2 Mobile Cellular Lines in Costa Rica, 2003-12
  • Figure 4.3 Mobile Cellular Lines per 100 Inhabitants, Costa Rica and Selected Countries, 2003-12
  • Figure 4.4 Fixed Telephone Lines per 100 Inhabitants, Costa Rica and Selected Countries, 2003-12
  • Figure 4.5 Fixed Internet Connections in Costa Rica, 2006-12
  • Figure 4.6 Fixed Internet Connections per 100 Inhabitants, Costa Rica and Selected Countries, 2003-12
  • Figure 4.7 Mobile Broadband Connections in Costa Rica, 2009-12
  • Figure 4.8 Mobile Broadband Connections per 100 Inhabitants, Costa Rica and Selected Countries, 2005-12
  • Figure 4.9 Usage of Telecommunications Services in Costa Rica
  • Figure 4.10 Fixed Internet Download Speeds in Costa Rica, 2007-12
  • Figure 4.11 Fixed Internet Prices of One Mbps, Selected Countries, 2012
  • Figure 4.12 Cellular Prepaid Prices in U.S. Cents per Minute, Peak for Latin American Countries, 2010
  • Figure 4.13 Mobile Broadband Rates for Selected Countries
  • Figure 4.14 Telecommunications Sector, 2006-12.
  • Figure 5.1 Registration of Active Ingredients with the Ministry of Health in Costa Rica, 2003-12
  • Figure 5.2 Costa Rica Patent Requests, 2000-12
  • Figure 5.3 Costa Rica Patent Issues, 2000-12
  • Figure 5.4 CCSS Expenditures for Health Care and Medicine
  • Figure 5.5 Percentage Distribution of CCSS Medicine Expenditures by Therapeutic Group, 2007-12
  • Figure 5.6 CCSS Medicine Purchases by Type, 2003-12
  • Figure C.1 Costa Rican Quarterly Exports to the United States, 1997-2012
  • Figure C.2 Costa Rican Quarterly Imports from the United States, 1997-2012
  • Tables
  • Table 1.1 Top Export Products, Percentage of Total Exports, 2003-12
  • Table 2.1 Responses: How CAFTA-DR Impacted Firm Performance, Percentage of Surveyed Firms
  • Table 3.1 Trends in Market Size and Development
  • Table 3.2 Insurers Operating in Costa Rica since Liberalization
  • Table 3.3 Competition, Development, and Performance Indicators
  • Table 3.4 Total Assets (CRC Millions)
  • Table 3.5 Expense Ratios (Expenses as Percentage of Premiums)
  • Table 3.6 Comparative Insurance Market Data in CAFTA-DR and Latin America
  • Table B3.1.1 Comparative Statistics for Costa Rica, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Uruguay
  • Table 4.1 Concessions for Mobile Telecommunications Service, US
  • Table 4.2 Phases and Criteria for Cellular Concessions in Costa Rica
  • Table 4.3 Fixed Internet Prices in Costa Rica, US per Month, August 2013
  • Table 4.4 Cellular Prepaid Rates, US, 2008
  • Table 4.5 Tariffs, Prices, and Equivalent Tariffs for Selected Services
  • Table 4.6 Estimation of Consumer Surplus for Internet Access Services
  • Table 5.1 Pharmaceutical Products with Patent Linkage Protection
  • Table A.1 Legal Changes under CAFTA-DR
  • Table B.1 Stylized Facts on Regional Trade Patterns
  • Table C.1 OLS Estimation of Equation (1) Exports
  • Table C.2 OLS Estimation of Equation (2) Imports.